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全文字数：1574字
阅读时间：15分钟
上期翻译答案
At the end of the exercise, respondentswere askedif they wanted to give their email address to receive information on how to donate to a charity.
测试结束时，受访者被问及是否愿意提供自己的电子邮箱来接收关于如何向慈善机构捐款的信息。
《本期内容》
双语阅读
As the current session of Congress winds down, with the stage set for a divided government over the next two years, prospects are fading for Democrats seeking to pass an income guarantee for families with children. This is good news. This policy — an unconditional child allowance — is well intended and supported by some important data. But the overall evidence suggests that for too many struggling families, the short-term benefits wouldn’t outweigh its long-term costs.
随着本届国会会议接近尾声，为未来两年出现一个分裂的政府埋下伏笔，民主党人试图推行的一项为有孩子的家庭提供收入保障的议案能够得到通过的希望越来越渺茫。这是个好消息。这项无条件支付的儿童补贴政策本意是好的，也有一些重要数据为其背书。但是总体证据表明，对于很多家境困难的家庭，这一政策带来的短期收益不会超过长期成本。
When the American Rescue Plan passed,proponentsargued, based on a 2019 National Academies of Sciences report, that the child allowance would reduce poverty without meaningfully discouraging parental employment. Opponents, including me, argued that the allowance’s short-term effects on poverty would be at least partly reversed in the long run because the allowance would lead some parents to stop working and would discourage marriage. We cited evidence from twodivergentapproaches: the poverty-reducing welfare reforms of the 1990s, which increased work, and an income-guarantee experiment in the 1970s, which had the opposite effect.
美国纾困法案通过时，支持者认为，根据美国国家科学院2019年的一份报告，儿童补贴将减少贫困，而不会对父母就业产生实质性的影响。包括我在内的反对者认为，补贴对贫困产生的短期影响在长期上会被部分逆转，因为补贴会导致一些父母停止工作，不利于婚姻。我们引用了两个来自不同方法的证据：二十世纪90年代为了减少贫困的福利改革，增加了就业，20世纪70年代的收入保障实验则出现了相反的效果。
Nearly two years later, there is much better evidence about the likely costs and benefits of the policy. In the short run, the child allowance really did help to reduce poverty by a sizable amount (a point that many critics of the program areloathto concede). But new research suggests that the long-term effects will be much smaller.
近两年过去，关于这项政策的成本和收益情况，出现了更好的证据。短期来看，虽然很多这个项目的批评者不愿承认，但儿童补贴确实有助于大幅减少贫困。但新的研究表明，该政策对贫困的长期影响将会小得多。
Based onthe evidence we have now, a permanent child allowance would indeed reduce poverty among those who fall temporarily on hard times. (That is the initial effect, after all, of giving people money.) But among those families with the weakest attachment to stable work and family life, it would be likely toconsignthem to more entrenched multigenerational poverty by further disconnecting them from those institutions.
根据我们现在掌握的证据，一份长期儿童补贴对那些暂时陷入困境的人来说确实可以减轻贫困。（毕竟，这是给人们发钱最初想要达成的效果。）翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~
Why is that not the end of the debate? Because in the medium to long run, giving the same amount to parents regardless of whether they work will cause some parents to stop working. That will negate some of the poverty-reducing impact of the child allowance. And new research after the arrival of those monthly child allowance checks suggests thecountervailingeffects would be worrisomely large.
为什么对于这个问题的讨论还没终止?因为从中长期来看，如果不管父母是否工作，都给他们发放同样多的钱，会导致一些父母停止工作。这将抵消儿童补贴减少贫困的一些（正面）影响。而针对每月儿童补贴支票到账后的新研究表明，抵消影响的程度之大，令人担忧。
本文节选自：The New York Times（纽约时报）
发布时间：2022.12.20
作者：Scott Winship
原文标题：The True Cost of Expanding the Child Tax Credit
词汇积累
1.proponent
英/ prəˈpəʊnənt /美/ prəˈpoʊnənt /
n.<正式>支持者，建议者；提出认证遗嘱者
2.loath
英/ ləʊθ /美/ loʊθ /
adj.勉强的；不情愿的（等于 loth）
3.divergent
英/ daɪˈvɜːdʒənt /美/ daɪˈvɜːrdʒənt /
adj.不同的，分歧的；（数）（级数）发散的；（心理）（思维）发散的，求异的
4.consign
英/ kənˈsaɪn /美/ kənˈsaɪn /
v.交付，运送；（为摆脱而）把……置于；把……置于(令人不快的境地)；把……交付给，把……委托给；托售；委托…代售，寄售
5. countervail
英/ ˌkaʊntəˈveɪl /美/ ˈkaʊntərˌveɪl /
v.等量对抗，抵销；补偿，弥补
词组搭配
1.In the short run 从短期看，在不久的将来
2.base on 基于，以……为根据；在……基础上
写作句总结
原句：But among those families with the weakest attachment to stable work and family life, it would be likely to consign them to more entrenched multigenerational poverty by further disconnecting them from those institutions.
结构：Among sb with XX，it would be likely to consign them to XX.
例句：Among the students with poor academic performance, it would be likely to consign them to remedial classes.
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